Hemostasis is the scene first aid first to master a basic technology. Here to first look at the various types of blood vessels bleeding characteristics.

1. Capillary bleeding

In this case bleeding slowly, less bleeding. Such as scratches injury, usually due to blood coagulation and naturally stop bleeding.

2. Arterial bleeding

Especially the larger arteries, acute blood flow, was jet-like.

3. Venous bleeding

Generally the distal end of the injured vein to suppress and stop the bleeding. Arterial bleeding or venous bleeding after hemostasis treatment, as soon as possible to the hospital for treatment.

According to the bleeding condition of the injured to determine the bleeding situation, it is necessary to take specific hemostasis according to the specific methods are the following.

Method one: Shiatsu hemostasis

Acupressure is the most rapid method of arterial bleeding, a temporary hemostasis, is the top of the injury with the fingers or the palm of your hand will be deflated in the arterial pressure on the bones, blocking the blood through in order to immediately stop the bleeding, but only the body Superficial parts, easy to oppress the artery. Including the following

1. Brachial artery compression hemostasis

This method is suitable for hand, forearm and upper arm bleeding. Hemostatic method is to use the thumb or the other four fingers in the upper arm medial artery pulse, the arterial pressure to the humerus, to stop bleeding purposes.

2. Femoral artery compression hemostasis

This method applies to lower extremity hemorrhage. Hemostatic method is in the groin (thigh root) in the middle of the point, the artery beating, with the thumb of the oppression of the femoral artery femoral overlap, stop bleeding.

3. Head compression hemostasis

Compression of the anterior ear of the superficial cervical artery, head bleeding for the front. Facial bleeding, oppression of mandibular angle before the concave jaw artery. Head and face a larger bleeding, the pressure on both sides of the carotid artery tracheal neck, but not both sides of the oppression.

4. Hand compression hemostasis

If the palm of your hand bleeding, oppression radial artery and ulnar artery. Finger bleeding, oppression bleeding fingers on both sides of the finger artery.

5. Foot compression hemostasis

Foot bleeding, oppression of the anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery.

Method two: add pad flexion hemostasis

1. It is a temporary hemostasis measure for arterial hemorrhage of extremity non - fractured trauma. When the forearm or calf bleeding, can be put in the elbow fossa or national nest gauze, cotton, towel for pad, flexion joints, with a bandage will be tightly tied to the limb flexion position.

Method three: tourniquet hemostasis

Tourniquet to stop bleeding, mainly with a rubber hose or tourniquet will be flattened blood vessels to achieve the purpose of hemostasis. This hemostatic method is more solid, reliable, but can only be used for limb arterial bleeding.

1. Tourniquet ligation

Rubber band to use: the left hand with a rubber band, about 16cm to leave behind; right hand tight ring body bar, the first hand to pay his left hand, the food refers to two fingers, pull down along the limb, before the first ring inserted, . In case of limb bleeding, the need for tourniquet to stop bleeding, and the scene without rubber tourniquet, the site can be drawn locally, such as cloth tourniquet, cord or hemp rope. With a cloth tourniquet to stop bleeding, put flat into the ring, tighten fixed. With rope or hemp rope to stop bleeding, can be tightened fixed.

2. Attention should be paid to the use of tourniquet

(1) tourniquet should be placed on the proximal end of the wound. Upper arm and thigh should be stretched in the upper 1/3 of the site. Upper arm of the 1/3 prohibit the tourniquet, so as not to oppress the nerve and cause upper limb paralysis.

(2) before the tourniquet, first with a towel or other cloth, cotton pad for pad, tourniquet not directly on the skin; emergency, you can pants

(3) to be tied tightly appropriate, too tight easy to damage the nerve, too loose can not achieve the purpose of hemostasis. Generally can not touch the distal arterial pulse or bleeding stop for the degree.

(4) ligation for too long, can cause limb ischemia and necrosis. Therefore, every 1h (upper limb or lower limb) to relax 2 ~ 3min; relaxation period, the application of temporary pressure to stop bleeding. Cold season should be relaxed once every 30min. Ligation more than 2h, should replace the higher position than the original ligation.

(5) to have a tourniquet on the mark, indicating the tourniquet on the time and location. With the tourniquet to stop bleeding the wounded should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible to prevent bleeding at the distal limb due to ischemia and necrosis.

---